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IRAQ'S CHRISTIANS IMPERILED
By Charles Tannock
Philadelphia Inquirer, PA
Oct 18 2006
The world is consumed by fears that Iraq is degenerating into a civil
war among Shiites, Sunnis and Kurds. But in this looming war of all
against all, it is Iraq's small community of Assyrian Christians that
is at risk of annihilation.
Iraq's Christian communities are among the world's most ancient,
having practiced their faith in Mesopotamia almost since the time
of Christ. The Assyrian Apostolic Church has existed since 34 A.D.,
and the Assyrian Church of the East dates to 33 A.D. The Aramaic that
many of Iraq's Christians still speak is the language of Christ.
When tolerated by their Muslim rulers, Assyrian Christians contributed
much to their societies. Their scholars helped to usher in the "Golden
Age" of the Arab world by translating important works into Arabic
from Greek and Syriac. But in recent times, toleration has scarcely
existed. In the Armenian Genocide of 1914-1918, 750,000 Assyrians -
roughly two-thirds of their number - were massacred by the Ottoman
Turks with the help of the Kurds.
Under the Iraqi Hashemite monarchy, Assyrians faced persecution
for cooperating with the British during World War I. Many fled to
the West. During Saddam Hussein's wars with the Kurds, hundreds
of Assyrian villages were destroyed, their inhabitants rendered
homeless, and dozens of ancient churches were bombed. The teaching
of the Syriac language was prohibited, and Assyrians were forced to
give their children Arabic names.
In 1987, the Iraqi census listed 1.4 million Christians. Today, only
about 600,000 to 800,000 remain. As many as 60,000, and perhaps even
more, have fled since the beginning of the insurgency that followed the
U.S.-led invasion in 2003. Their exodus accelerated in August 2004,
after the start of the terrorist bombing campaign against Christian
churches by Islamists.
A recent United Nations report states that religious minorities in Iraq
"have become the regular victims of discrimination, harassment and,
at times, persecution, with incidents ranging from intimidation to
murder," and that "members of the Christian minority appear to be
particularly targeted."
Indeed, there are widespread reports of Christians fleeing the country
as a result of threats being made to their women for not adhering
to strict Islamic dress codes. Christian women are said to have had
acid thrown in their faces. Some have been killed for wearing jeans
or not wearing the veil.
Over the last two years, 27 Assyrian churches have reportedly been
attacked for the sole reason that they were Christian places of
worship. These attacks go beyond targeting physical manifestations
of the faith. Christian-owned small businesses, particularly those
selling alcohol, have been attacked, and many shopkeepers murdered.
Sadly, the plight of Iraq's Christians is not an isolated one in the
Middle East. Iran's population has nearly doubled since the 1979
revolution, but, under a hostile regime, the number of Christians
in the country has fallen from roughly 300,000 to 100,000. In 1948,
Christians accounted for roughly 20 percent of the population of what
was then Palestine; now, they are about 1.6 percent of the Palestinian
population in the West Bank, Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip.
In Egypt, emigration among Coptic Christians is disproportionately
high; many convert to Islam under pressure, and over the last few
years, violence against the Christian community has taken many lives.
Saudi Arabia's Wahabbi regime prohibits any form of Christian worship.
The persecution of these ancient and unique Christian communities,
in Iraq and in the Middle East as a whole, is deeply disturbing. Last
April, the European Parliament voted virtually unanimously for the
Assyrians to be allowed to establish (on the basis of Section 5 of
the Iraqi constitution) a federal region where they can be free from
outside interference to practice their own way of life. It is high
time now that the West paid more attention, and took forceful action
to secure the future of Iraq's embattled Christians.
Charles Tannock ([email protected]) is vice president
of the human rights subcommittee of the European Parliament.
By Charles Tannock
Philadelphia Inquirer, PA
Oct 18 2006
The world is consumed by fears that Iraq is degenerating into a civil
war among Shiites, Sunnis and Kurds. But in this looming war of all
against all, it is Iraq's small community of Assyrian Christians that
is at risk of annihilation.
Iraq's Christian communities are among the world's most ancient,
having practiced their faith in Mesopotamia almost since the time
of Christ. The Assyrian Apostolic Church has existed since 34 A.D.,
and the Assyrian Church of the East dates to 33 A.D. The Aramaic that
many of Iraq's Christians still speak is the language of Christ.
When tolerated by their Muslim rulers, Assyrian Christians contributed
much to their societies. Their scholars helped to usher in the "Golden
Age" of the Arab world by translating important works into Arabic
from Greek and Syriac. But in recent times, toleration has scarcely
existed. In the Armenian Genocide of 1914-1918, 750,000 Assyrians -
roughly two-thirds of their number - were massacred by the Ottoman
Turks with the help of the Kurds.
Under the Iraqi Hashemite monarchy, Assyrians faced persecution
for cooperating with the British during World War I. Many fled to
the West. During Saddam Hussein's wars with the Kurds, hundreds
of Assyrian villages were destroyed, their inhabitants rendered
homeless, and dozens of ancient churches were bombed. The teaching
of the Syriac language was prohibited, and Assyrians were forced to
give their children Arabic names.
In 1987, the Iraqi census listed 1.4 million Christians. Today, only
about 600,000 to 800,000 remain. As many as 60,000, and perhaps even
more, have fled since the beginning of the insurgency that followed the
U.S.-led invasion in 2003. Their exodus accelerated in August 2004,
after the start of the terrorist bombing campaign against Christian
churches by Islamists.
A recent United Nations report states that religious minorities in Iraq
"have become the regular victims of discrimination, harassment and,
at times, persecution, with incidents ranging from intimidation to
murder," and that "members of the Christian minority appear to be
particularly targeted."
Indeed, there are widespread reports of Christians fleeing the country
as a result of threats being made to their women for not adhering
to strict Islamic dress codes. Christian women are said to have had
acid thrown in their faces. Some have been killed for wearing jeans
or not wearing the veil.
Over the last two years, 27 Assyrian churches have reportedly been
attacked for the sole reason that they were Christian places of
worship. These attacks go beyond targeting physical manifestations
of the faith. Christian-owned small businesses, particularly those
selling alcohol, have been attacked, and many shopkeepers murdered.
Sadly, the plight of Iraq's Christians is not an isolated one in the
Middle East. Iran's population has nearly doubled since the 1979
revolution, but, under a hostile regime, the number of Christians
in the country has fallen from roughly 300,000 to 100,000. In 1948,
Christians accounted for roughly 20 percent of the population of what
was then Palestine; now, they are about 1.6 percent of the Palestinian
population in the West Bank, Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip.
In Egypt, emigration among Coptic Christians is disproportionately
high; many convert to Islam under pressure, and over the last few
years, violence against the Christian community has taken many lives.
Saudi Arabia's Wahabbi regime prohibits any form of Christian worship.
The persecution of these ancient and unique Christian communities,
in Iraq and in the Middle East as a whole, is deeply disturbing. Last
April, the European Parliament voted virtually unanimously for the
Assyrians to be allowed to establish (on the basis of Section 5 of
the Iraqi constitution) a federal region where they can be free from
outside interference to practice their own way of life. It is high
time now that the West paid more attention, and took forceful action
to secure the future of Iraq's embattled Christians.
Charles Tannock ([email protected]) is vice president
of the human rights subcommittee of the European Parliament.