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  • The Assyrian Genocide, Armenia and Turkey

    Assyrian International News Agency AINA
    March 10 2012


    The Assyrian Genocide, Armenia and Turkey


    (AINA) -- On February 29, 2012 Hürriyet Daily News published an
    article on the erection of an Assyrian Genocide monument in Armenia.
    The article was based on interview questions answered by Sabri Atman,
    Chairman of the Assyrian Genocide Research Center. Hurriyet did not
    publish the full interview. The following is the complete interview.

    The interview was translated from Turkish to English by Abdulmesih BarAbraham.


    Q: As Assyrians and in context of 'Seyfo', you have had relations to
    Armenia for quite some time. Could you tell us about these contacts?
    What kind of discussions are going on and what are the expected
    developments? Furthermore, what is the Armenian view?

    For the recognition and acceptance of the Assyrian Genocide we have
    activities and relationships with all European countries and also with
    the United States, Australia and New Zealand.

    As known, in 1915, during the reign of the Ottoman Empire, Genocide
    took place under the leadership of Union and Progress Party. Not only
    Armenians, but also Assyrians and Greeks were massacred. Without
    doubt, the initial targets were the Armenians, where the main
    objective was to homogenize Turkey. In fact, and as expressed by the
    headlines of the Hürriyet Newspaper, Turkey was supposed to become
    "for Turks" only. In addition, the aim was to have a single religion,
    a single language, a single flag and a single nation. In order to
    achieve this, all the different 'weeds' had to be uprooted. Evidently,
    in 1915 not only Armenians but also Assyrians, Greeks and Yezidis were
    massacred. Later on, in 1937, there was the genocide of Dersim.

    Therefore, the Republic of Turkey is a state founded on the killings
    of the Christian minorities. The Christian minorities did not only
    face physical extermination. The land and property they owned were
    confiscated, too. From an economic point of view, we can say that some
    of the wealthy Turkish people's richness is derived from the land and
    properties seized from the Christians. Unfortunately, this issue has
    not been subject of studies. I guess that this is one of the reasons
    for the denial of the genocide.

    As for your question: There is nothing more natural than that the
    people, victim of genocide, understand each other. Armenians, Greeks,
    Kurds and other oppressed peoples have shared pain and hence they are
    in solidarity with one another. In this context, we have relationships
    with the people and institutions of Armenia as we have with many other
    countries, too.

    During 2007, I was invited to Armenia by the Armenian Genocide Museum
    for the first time. Beside conference participation, I met with many
    institutions and personalities. I have travelled to Assyrian villages
    in Armenia and made useful observations.

    One such observation in Armenia was that a certain elite knows well
    about the Assyrian Genocide, whereas the broader public does not know
    much about it other than from hearsay. Therefore, we have sent a
    48-page brochure documenting and demanding recognition of the Assyrian
    Genocide and bearing Mechthild Roth's signature, Vice President of the
    European Parliament, to the members of Armenian parliament as well as
    to many other countries. Of course, other publications and documents
    were shared, too. Thanks to the relationship that has been
    established, I think the knowledge and awareness regarding the
    Assyrian Genocide has increased when compared to a couple years ago.

    We have discussed various topics with the president of the Armenian
    Genocide Museum, Mr. Hayk Demoyan and I hope that we can implement
    some of the ideas in the near future.

    Armenia and the Armenian people in general want every state and
    everyone in the world to recognize the Armenian Genocide. This is a
    legitimate demand. However, one could raise the following question:
    Why should Armenian people not understand Assyrian pain and not
    recognize the Assyrian Genocide? We are spending a lot of efforts in
    order for Armenia to take this step. Recently 36 international
    institutions and 22 well-known genocide scholars signed a letter that
    was send to the President of the Republic of Armenia and other party
    representatives requesting recognition of the Assyrian Genocide.

    In April 2012, an Assyrian Genocide Monument will be inaugurated in
    Yerevan. I believe that in the near future the Armenian Republic will
    recognize the Assyrian Genocide. I am certain, this will happen.

    Q: I know that Assyrians in fact have some estrangement with the
    Armenians regarding the 1915 topic. Can you tell us the reasons that
    caused you to hold back from approaching each other? What is behind
    trying to establish a dialogue today?

    I disagree with you that there is an estrangement between Assyrians
    and Armenians with regards to the genocide of 1915 or any other topic.
    We do not have any dissociation.

    However, in case of the possibility that an Assyrian cleric or any
    civil person in Turkey might have had a conversation with someone to
    cozy up and leave such an impression to please the Turks and the
    countries authorities, let us be clear: Assyrians have neither love
    nor respect for such people. To belittle what happened to the
    Armenians and to make concessions is not a proper behavior for
    anybody.

    Though, I would like to add the following: The fact that some Armenian
    intellectuals and scholars ignore the Assyrian Genocide along with the
    missing recognition of the same by Armenia is considered by Assyrians
    as an important deficit!

    A few years ago, it was not easy to talk about the [genocide] topic in
    Turkey at all. Moreover, like others, Assyrian children were
    confronted with the Turkification policy, too. [Minority] children at
    schools were taught one big lie. And they had to yell this lie every
    morning before entering class in a collective manner : "I am a Turk,
    honest and hardworking,... my existence shall be dedicated to the
    Turkish existence".

    But now the Assyrians live in Europe and various other continents.
    Their children are graduating from universities as politicians,
    writers and artists. They are getting educated in their national
    identity and history. With that, they have the power to influence
    their society. It was 'yesterday' that the Assyrians settled in
    Sweden, though today there are five Assyrian parliament members in the
    Riksdag. Assyrians have two teams playing in the top soccer league in
    Sweden. Here I would like to stress that Turkey should derive some
    important lessons from the development I mentioned. The richness of a
    society is based on the diversity it captures. However, Turkey wanted
    to destroy this diversity and wanted to "Turkify" and monopolize
    everything. By doing so, it has done great harm to the driving force
    of the society.

    The main reason for entering relations with Armenia and many countries
    is the Assyrian enlightenment that I have touched above, nothing else.

    Q: As I learned, you are preparing the commemoration of the events of
    1915 in April; could you give us more information on that?

    In recent years, we have been organizing the 1915 genocide
    commemorations in many countries and continents during April. Also
    during August 7, which marks the Assyrian Martyrs' Day, there are lots
    of activities. (On August 7, 1933, three thousand Assyrians were
    massacred in Iraq's Simmele. In early years, August 7 was unwittingly
    focused to the martyrs in Simmele only. But in later years, this date
    has been utilized for commemorating the events of 1915 as well.)

    We are approaching the 100th anniversary of the 1915 genocide. Of
    course, we have preparations for this, too. We are developing our
    relationship with universities and other institutions in many
    countries. Our voices will be heard much more over the next years.

    Q: Could you tell us about Seyfo Center? When was it founded and what
    is your role? What kind of activities does it have? Are you planning
    any joint activities with the Holocaust Museum in Armenia?

    In Assyrian language Seyfo means sword. Mentioning Seyfo, each
    Assyrian remembers the years 1914-1915, because hundreds of thousands
    of Assyrians were killed through the sword.

    The Assyrian Genocide Research Center (Seyfo Center), was founded in
    2004. I am co-founder and its chairman. It has branches in many
    European countries and branches in the United States. An overwhelming
    majority of our people participates in its activities and supports
    Seyfo Center. As chairman of the institution, I am pleased because of
    the support we receive.

    Seyfo Center has multi-faceted activities to develop awareness about
    the Assyrian Genocide of 1915. It is successfully publishing books,
    including translations, and producing documentary films in order to
    reach the people and raise awareness. Seminars and conferences are on
    the daily activity agenda of Seyfo Center.

    Since a couple of years, we have organised or participated in
    conferences at several universities and parliaments of the United
    Kingdom, Sweden, Greece and Australia. We have activities with the
    University of Colombia in the U.S. and we will continue these efforts.

    The recognition of the Assyrian Genocide by the International
    Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS) on December 19, 2007 was a big
    step (AINA ). We are aware of its importance and therefore want to
    develop the relationships with genocide experts in the international
    arena. Those powers who deny the genocide have no chance in this
    arena, except to ridicule themselves. Genocide experts are well aware
    of the fact that genocide deniers, be those in Ruanda or Turkey, use
    the same language and arguments.

    Seyfo Center is an organization against racism and in this context, it
    has good relations with Turks, Kurds and people from other ethnic
    backgrounds. We don't understand the genocide as an act where people
    murder other people. We are condemning the government, the Kurds and
    other forces who participated in the 1915 genocide. Not each Turk or
    Kurd is responsible as individual [of course]. However, there is a
    collective responsibility. The genocide of 1915 was carried out in the
    name of the Turkish nation and the Islamic religion. Hence, each
    member of the Turkish and Kurdish people bears responsibility to
    accept the genocide of 1915.

    We had an excellent example of this [recognition] a few years ago. The
    Kurdish intellectual Boti Berzan participated in a press conference
    organized by Seyfo Center at the Swedish Parliament in Stockholm. He
    apologized to the Armenians and Assyrians for the genocide of 1915 and
    formally returned the land he owns to the real owners, who were the
    Assyrians and in this case to Seyfo Center (AINA 1-9-2009, 2-6-2009).
    The venerable gesture by Boti Berzan has won the hearts and the
    friendship of all Assyrians.

    Yes, I have relations with the Armenian Genocide Museum and in the
    future, we will further improve these relations. For the third time
    and under the motto "Three Genocides, One Strategy", Greeks, Armenians
    and Assyrians came together in Greece and discussed the genocide,
    which has happened to them. This conference will take place in Austria
    this year and as Seyfo Center, we will participate in that again.

    Q: There was no Assyrian initiative with regards of Seyfo until
    recently, but over the last years, there is a movement in the
    international arena; what kind of initiatives are planned to bring it
    to the agenda of the parliaments?

    I think I have already replied in detail to this question above. In
    the coming years, there will be more books published on the Assyrian
    Genocide and it will receive more academic attention. After Sweden,
    Armenia, Australia and other countries' parliaments will recognize the
    genocide. I'm confident about this.

    Q: Until now you have been discussing demands regarding Seyfo within
    your own community and not in public. Why are you bringing this to the
    [public] agenda now? Do you expect new experience with Turkey on this
    matter? What are the demands towards Turkey?

    Your assertion is correct that we have carried out our Seyfo related
    activities mostly within ourselves. Who has done this differently?
    Before educating others, we committed ourselves, and it was correct to
    do so. Our current strength and relationships pushed the issue to the
    international arena and therefore it has become more visible.

    Our demand is very clear and obvious. The Republic of Turkey must
    recognize the genocide of 1915, apologize and fulfill requirements
    related to the apology. Turkey's political leaders need to better
    comprehend the fact that not only one, but many genocides took place
    in Turkey. The genocide of Dersim is one of those. If Turkey does not
    confront itself with its own history and leave behind the mentality of
    the genocide, it will not be possible [for the country] to become a
    true democracy. We want Turkey to become a civilized and democratic
    country.

    Q: Do you have contacts to Ankara in this context?

    We are conducting our activities very openly and very clearly on this
    issue. We do not have any formal relationship with any organization
    representing Turkey and there is no need for that.

    Q: Over the last year there has been a serious movement within the
    Assyrian community; they received invitation from Ankara in context of
    the preparations for the new constitution. Do they stress to benefit
    from the rights given to minorities at the Lausanne Treaty? How are
    you following these developments in Turkey and what would you say
    [about that]?

    The world is turning. Everything is changing. Turkey is changing and
    will change, too. The only constant thing is 'change' itself. Before
    the Turks set foot into Anatolia, Assyrians lived in the region for
    thousands of years. What happened to the Assyrians in Turkey, happened
    to the Native Americans of America. All together, ten thousand
    Assyrians remain in Turkey [today]. With the establishment of the
    Republic of Turkey, their surnames, village and town names have been
    changed and Turkified. Many churches were converted into mosques.

    For ninety years, anyone living in Turkey was regarded as a 'Turk'.

    If this is considered differently even ninety years later, it needs to
    be regarded as an important development. I hope that the Assyrian
    language, culture and national identity will be secured by the
    constitution and there are no empty promises. What we demand for us,
    we want for everyone living in Turkey: national rights for Kurds, Laz,
    Circassians, Armenians, Greeks, Alevis and all other minorities should
    be guaranteed. Everyone needs peace and freedom and that geography is
    enough for all of us.

    Q: The Assyrian community has a problem of 'identity' (Assyrian,
    Aramaic, Syriac, etc.); how do you plan to achieve a consensus in such
    a sensitive subject of 'definition'?

    Other nations experienced similar identification problems, too.
    Greeks, Germans, Turks, Kurds, Italians and Jews faced different
    designations and definitions at some time. The majority of them
    overcame the issues with the resolution of their national questions.

    The Assyrians took the biggest blow on the way of developing national
    consciousness and reaching their national rights as they faced the
    genocide. Their Intellectuals were eliminated, their national
    institutions destroyed. They were left with a religious identity only.
    In all the Middle-Eastern countries they lived, they faced relentless
    oppression and assimilation. Their language and history was banned.
    Under such circumstances, it is understandable when people sometimes
    prefer their religious identity while some others depict themselves as
    Assyrian, Aramaic, Chaldean or Syriac [people]. We founded
    Mesopotamia's great civilizations and we have made great services to
    humanity. We want to do that again.

    All of the definitions form our common values and express richness.
    When our people faced genocide, they were not asked whether they were
    Assyrians, Arameans, Chaldeans or Syriacs. All were decimated. This is
    why the genocide topic is able to bring together all our people. The
    various definitions will be resolved among us along the process.

    Assyrian Genocide Research Center

    http://www.aina.org/news/2012039174134.htm

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